Renal
Renal cancer – also termed kidney cancer – is a disease in which kidney cells become cancerous; renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of adult kidney cancer, accounting for approximately 90% of kidney cancers.
There are several other types of renal cancer, named depending on the cell type that is affected. These are clear cell renal cell carcinoma and non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (including papillary renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma). Rare forms are collecting duct renal cell carcinoma, multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma and neuroblastoma-associated renal cell carcinoma. Other types of kidney cancers include transitional cell carcinomas, Wilms tumors, and renal sarcomas.
Often in terms of symptoms, renal cancer exhibits no obvious signs and a tumor in this region may only be discovered during tests for another condition. Symptoms can include blood in urine, a persistent pain in the lower back or side and a lump or swelling. Causes of kidney cancer include being obese, smoking, hypertension, a family history of the disease and long-term dialysis. Treatment for kidney cancer includes surgery to remove part or all of the affected kidney, cryotherapy or radiotherapy ablation, biological therapies, embolization or radiotherapy.
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